Every minute, at least one person in the world commits suicide. The problem does not distinguish between countries or social classes. The intention to kill oneself is involuntary, it takes hold, persists, and causes the victim to suffer so intensely that they prefer death to life. This book exposes the problem, investigates suicide and suicidal behaviour, addresses public health policies in Brazil, the SUS (Unified Health System), the National Prevention Strategy, and responsibilities. In four municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul that have historically had high suicide rates, 27 interviews were collected and analysed with public health managers and professionals, municipal councillors and first responders. The main results show that prevention and combat measures are insufficient; that health professionals have not learned to recognise patients with suicidal tendencies and that it is up to academia to provide this knowledge; that the government and the community in general should be aware of the issue and address it frankly, without discrimination or fear. In this sense, the book is intended for managers, agents, professionals, health teachers, and anyone who wants to prevent and combat this great evil that is suicide.