This book follows a rigorous academic approach, using scientific research methods to provide first-hand data on poverty alleviation in contemporary rural China. It conducts research by providing real cases and practical examples to accelerate the achievement of poverty alleviation goals.With the first-hand materials such as panel materials, questionnaire data, and in-depth interviews of typical cases, this book makes an in-depth description and analysis of the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation in Jiangjia Village, Heyuan Village, and Baishikou Village from the perspectives of different subjects (government, village committee and farmers). After discussing the challenges and circumstances of the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation, this book focuses on the poor population to separately summarize the poverty alleviation experiences of three villages and make useful suggestions for future poverty alleviation work. Improving village infrastructure lays a solid foundation for poverty alleviation. In addition, focusing on spiritual prosperity and green development of villages are crucial efforts to promote sustainable and effective poverty alleviation work.