A new way to understand the architecture of todays Internet, based on an innovative general model of network architecture that is rigorous, realistic, and modularThis book meets the long-standing need for an explanation of how the Internet's architecture has evolved since its creation to support an ever-broader range of the world's communication needs. The authors introduce a new model of network architecture that exploits a powerful form of modularity to provide lucid, insightful descriptions of complex structures, functions, and behaviors in todays Internet. Countering the idea that the Internets architecture is ossified or rigid, this modelwhich is presented through hundreds of examples rather than mathematical notationencompasses the Internets original or classic architecture, its current architecture, and its possible future architectures.For practitioners, the book offers a precise and realistic approach to comparing design alternatives and guiding the ongoing evolution of their applications, technologies, and security practices. For educators and students, the book presents patterns that recur in many variations and in many places in the Internet ecosystem. Each pattern tells a compelling story, with a common problem to be solved and a range of solutions for solving it. For researchers, the book suggests many directions for future research that exploit modularity to simplify, optimize, and verify network implementations without loss of functionality or flexibility. Autorid: Pamela Zave, Jennifer Rexford
An ardent supporter of the French Revolution, the English poet Williams moved to France and eventually wrote an 8-volume history of the Revolution. In this volume Williams's earliest observations on the Revolution are presented in English translation with extensive introductory material both to the volume and to each letter. Fraistat and Lanser (both of the U. of Maryland) also include brief excerpts of other British writers on the Revolution, making this a well-rounded reader for the undergraduate classroom. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com) Autorid: Helen Maria Williams, Neil Fraistat, Susan S. Lanser
This inaugural volume in the Ohio University Press Series in Ecology and History is the paperback edition of Conrad Totmans widely acclaimed study of Japans environmental policies over the centuries.Professor Totman raises the critical question of how Japans steeply mountainous woodland has remained biologically healthy despite centuries of intensive exploitation by a dense human population that has always been dependent on wood and other forest products. Mindful that in global terms this has been a rare outcome, and one that bears directly on Japans recent experience as an affluent, industrial society, Totman examines the causes, forms, and effects of forest use and management in Japan during the millennium to 1870. He focuses mainly on the centuries after 1600 when the Japanese found themselves driven by their own excesses into programs of woodland protection and regenerative forestry. Autorid: Conrad Totman
The Char B1 was a French heavy combat tank designed between the wars and used at the beginning of World War II. probably the most famous and well-known in use in that fateful May of 1940. Its design began in the 1920s, with several prototypes, until the Renault model was chosen in 1929, but mass production did not begin until 1934. Thirty-five examples were produced in the first model, the B1 tank (of 1935) and 365 examples in the B1-bis model (of 1937). From the outset, the French tank enjoyed a remarkable reputation as the most powerful and fierce vehicle in the French Army of 1940, and even the Germans feared it. The B1 Bis proved to be what it was, a very problematic vehicle to maneuver in battle, as well as expensive to produce.
The Swedish Armoured Troops went through a huge enlargement during the war from having a few dozen light tanks to number almost 800 armoured vehicles at the end of the WW2. Between the wars, the Swedish Army followed the pattern of the countries having fewer financial sources to build and modernise and operate its armed forces. However, the stable military industrial background and at the beginning, the foreign, especially German engineering design and development capacity helped the Swedish Army to be supplied by home designed and made armoured vehicles.
*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading The Roman army is one of the most famous fighting forces in history. Through its power and prowess, a once obscure Italian city forged an empire that encircled t
The story of a lifelong friendship between a busy sales executive and a disadvantaged young boy, and how both of their lives were changed by what began as one small gesture of kindness.
At the end of the First World War, Hungary, as a member of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, found itself on the losing side. Its army disintegrated and its armaments were acquired or destroyed by the victorious Allied nations. However, in the late 1920s, Hungarian diplomacy did all it could to reduce its isolation, forging relations with Italy and other neighboring countries to try to create a better position for Hungary among European nations. A kind of secret rearmament favoured by the new political movements in Europe at that time soon began.In this contest, Italy was among the main protagonists that made the Magyar military renaissance possible. Various cooperation projects were set up, and within the framework of these, Italy supplied or granted licences for various weapon systems, both land and aviation. Many vehicles were involved in this cooperation: among the vehicles, the L3 tankettes together with the Fiat B 3000 light tank. Artillery tractors such as the Pavesi and Breda, numerous artillery equipment and guns. Motor vehicles and motorbikes. In the avionic field: the Fiat CR 32, CR 42, Reggiane 2000 and CA 135 bombers.
A history that reframes the Bolsheviks unprecedented attempts to abolish private property after the revolutions of 1917 The revolutions of 1917 swept away not only Russias governing authority but also the property order on which it stood. The upheaval sparked waves of dispossession that rapidly moved beyond the seizure of factories and farms from industrialists and landowners, envisioned by Bolshevik revolutionaries, to penetrate the bedrock of social life: the spaces where people lived. In Power and Possession in the Russian Revolution, Anne ODonnell reimagines the Bolsheviks unprecedented effort to eradicate private property and to create a new political economysocialismto replace it.ODonnells account captures the story of property in reverse, showing how the bonds connecting people to their things were broken and how new ways of knowing things, valuing them, and possessing them coalesced amid the political ferment and economic disarray of the Revolution. ODonnell reminds us that Russias postrevolutionary confiscation of property, like many other episodes of mass dispossession in the twentieth century, largely escaped traditional forms of record keeping. She repairs this omission, drawing on sources that chronicle the lived experience of upheavalpopular petitions, apartment inspections, internal audits of revolutionary institutions, and records of the political policeto reconstruct an archive of dispossession. The result is an unusually intimate history of the Bolsheviks attempts to conquer people and things.The Bolsheviks reimagining of property not only changed peoples lives and destinies, it formed the foundation of a new type of stateone that eschewed the defense of private property rights in favor of an enduring but enigmatic new domain: socialist state property. Autorid: Anne O'Donnell
Lady Gaga's old friend and former DJ Brendan Jay Sullivan paints a vivid picture of the downtown scene from which she emerged.Brendan Jay Sullivan was an up-and-coming DJ in New York City when he met Stefani Germanotta, then a struggling artist, in 2006. She was a go-go dancer who sewed her own outfits but had bigger ambitions?she wanted nothing less than to take over the music world.In this intimate portrait of the budding star who would soon catapult to fame and fortune, the author describes afternoons sitting with Gaga on the floor of her bare Lower East Side apartment, drinking wine from pint glasses and plotting out the pop stardom that awaited her.Filled with stories of love and heartbreak among Gaga and Sullivan and their circle of aspiring musicians and performers, and set against the vibrant backdrop of the downtown bars and parties of the mid-aughts, Rivington Was Ours is both a love letter to New York and a glimpse behind the veil of one of the biggest musical icons of her generation.
During the Second World War, Hungary deployed several tank units to support the Axis war effort. The Hungarian army mainly used two types of tanks during the conflict: the Toldi and the Turán in different variants. The Toldi was a Hungarian light tank developed in the 1930s. It was an agile tank suitable for reconnaissance and troop support tasks. The Turán was the first mass-produced Hungarian tank. It was based on the chassis of the Czechoslovak LT vz. 38. However, the light armour made these tanks vulnerable to enemy hits. They were mainly used on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Union.
The book is a descriptive work on the military uniforms of the Prussian army, composed during the Frederick era and printed at the end of Frederick II's reign. It is based on a publication of the time by Johann Ernst Meyer entitled: 'Zustand der Königlichen Preussischen Armee im Jahr 1786 und kurzgefaßte Geschichte dieses Heeres von seiner Stiftung an bis auf die jetzigen Zeiten' (The State of the Royal Prussian Army in 1786 and a Brief History of this Army from its Foundation to the Present Day). Our edition includes all the uniform plates from the original volume and a preface in three languages: English, German and Italian. The uniforms include all those of the Prussian army, starting with the infantry, line infantry, the Guard and the fusilier regiments. The cavalry regiments in all their specialities. The artillery and special units. The garrison regiments, the senior officers' corps, etc. This work is therefore extremely useful for all enthusiasts of uniforms and costumes, but also for model makers and wargame enthusiasts and, of course, history buffs.cavalry; and finally the royal household troops, providing a coherent architecture to a notoriously complex subject.
The P40, P43 and Celere Sahariano tanks represented the latest and most advanced attempts by Italian industry to equip its armoured forces with competitive vehicles in the final phase of the Second World War. However, industrial problems, delays and the war situation prevented these projects from having a significant impact on operations. Yet, in this final context, ambitious projects were born. The P40, classified as "heavy" despite its 26 tonnes (well below Allied standards), was the first real attempt to equip the Italian Army with a tank capable of competing with the Sherman and Panzer IV. With its 75/34 gun and armour inspired by German vehicles, the P40 could have changed the tide of battle-if only it had been produced in significant numbers before 1943.
A history of the engineering marvels behind one of Americas most innovative and beloved entertainment experiencesWhen Disneyland opened to the public in 1955, it demystified the hidden world of factory automation through its extraordinary new attractions. In this fascinating book, Roland Betancourt tells the story of how the visionary engineers and designers at Disney transformed the technologies of the postwar assembly line into an entertainment experience unlike anything the world had ever seen.Disneyland and the Rise of Automation traces the origins and evolution of these technical innovations during the theme parks first three decades in operation, exploring how engineers reimagined the systems and machines of industrial manufacturing and the military. The magnetic tape used to test ballistic missiles was repurposed to animate the talking macaws in the Enchanted Tiki Room. Programmable Logic Controllers, widely used on automotive assembly lines, brought to life the spectacular rides of the Matterhorn Bobsleds and Space Mountain. Betancourt shows how these and other attractions helped to allay fears about automation and job displacement in 1950s America. Along the way, he situates Disneylands remarkable creations within a broader history of the technologies that increasingly order and construct the world around us, from the Fordist factory to artificial intelligence.Essential reading for anyone interested in engineering, corporate histories, or popular culture, Disneyland and the Rise of Automation invites us to consider how technology and the logic of automation become integrated into our lives through entertainment. Autorid: Roland Betancourt
Early hours of 22 June 1941, under the codename of "Barbarossa" Germany and its allies attacked the Soviet Union. At the time of the attack, approximately 3.6 million German and Axis soldiers with 3600 armoured vehicles, 7100 artillery pieces, and 2700 aircraft crossed the Soviet frontier. The Army Group South manpower had the highest number added non-German Forces; 325000 Romanian troops, later on, augmented with 96000 Hungarian, 62000 Italian, and 45000 Slovakian soldiers. The opposing Soviet forces were better prepared than the other Red Army units along the border. The Kiev Military District, under the leadership of Colonel-General Kirponos, was responsible for manning the 940km long line of defence.
The German anti-tank weapons used in WWII were divided into several classes. The main class, which we will deal with in the following volume, comprises guns built specifically for anti-tank missions and is in turn divided into three groups: guns of conventional German design, guns built with conical bore systems and anti-tank weapons captured from the enemy. The orthodox German cannon in the first group are designed to pierce enemy armour at maximum distances using relatively heavy projectiles at high velocity. The cone-core cannon group, on the other hand, were designed to have greater mobility than conventional cannon, while still being able to achieve the same armour penetration. Finally, the third group of anti-tank weapons comprises all those weapons that the German army used during its conquests in the early years of the war. The Germans used them mainly as reserve weapons!
The KV-1 heavy tank was one of the Red Army's most iconic-and controversial-vehicles of the Second World War. Its development emerged from the urgent need to modernize Soviet armor after the failure of the multi-turreted "Leningrad monsters, which mounted guns of varying calibers. The tank's historical significance became clear during its first field tests in the Winter War against Finland (1939-1940), where early KV-1 prototypes demonstrated remarkable durability compared to their predecessors, despite lingering technical issues. Later, an upgunned variant with a "Bol'shaya Bashnya" (large turret) entered service as the KV-2, a heavy artillery tank designed for assault support. More than mere weapons of war, the KV-1 and KV-2 embodied the Stalinist doctrine of armament: mass production and ruggedness at any cost-a philosophy that would define Soviet military industry for any years to come.
This study introduces a new volume devoted to Bavarian military uniforms from 1722 to 1895, with particular emphasis on the nineteenth century. This edition-published in English for the first time-features an extensive and carefully curated series of high-quality color plates dedicated to the study of uniformology. Drawn from four distinct original sources, the volume comprises approximately 88 color plates, each reproduced in full color and accompanied by the original German descriptive texts. Together, these materials provide a valuable visual and documentary resource for historians, collectors, and scholars of European military dress.
The Italian occupation of Albania, which took place in April 1939, is a subject little covered in most texts pertaining to the history of our armed forces and is often mentioned in a few lines or described as an action of little importance and without difficulty. In reality, the invasion of the Kingdom of Albania was a wake-up call and showed all the inefficiency of the Italian Royal Armed Forces in a modern war as the Second World War would later be, which saw the Kingdom of Italy suffer defeat after defeat. What was supposed to be a 'walk in the park' cost the blood of Italian soldiers and sailors, especially in the area of Durres, and only the weakness of the military apparatus of the small Balkan state would not make the Italians pay dearly for the poor organization of the operation and logistical problems. The book, after a description of pre-1939 events, will focus on the stages of the invasion and then move on to a description of the integration of the Albanian armed forces into those of Italy.
