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"A graduate-level reference/textbook on theoretical and computational seismology"-- An authoritative, self-contained reference text on theoretical and computational seismologyOver the past several decades, computational advances have revolutionized seismology, making it possible to simulate seismic wave propagation in complex Earth models and create detailed images of the planet’s interior. This cutting-edge text introduces students and scholars to the fundamentals, techniques, and applications of this exciting field of research and discovery.After establishing a strong foundation in continuum mechanics, the book presents the fundamentals of theoretical seismology, providing a basis for subsequent forward and inverse modeling grounded in numerical methods, and then focuses on computational seismology, investigating numerical solutions to seismic wave equations. The adjoint-state method is covered next, along with applications of this technique to waveform inversions across scales, after which the book concludes with a set of appendixes that provide a primer to differential geometry and tensor calculus, which are used throughout the book to explain the fundamental concepts of deformation, strain, and stress from both Eulerian and Lagrangian perspectives. Including over 150 student-tested exercises, the book is an essential resource for motivated students and scholars seeking to master the state of the art of theoretical and computational seismology.Establishes a strong foundation through a geometric analysis of continuum mechanicsReveals how linearizing the resulting equations of motion enables the simulation of seismic wave propagation across nine decades of frequencies and wavelengthsDemonstrates how to leverage the capabilities of simulations to create detailed tomographic images from the information embedded in seismographic recordingsCovers diverse application areas, including seismology, helioseismology, underwater acoustics, medical imaging, and nondestructive testingFeatures a wealth of exercises (with online solutions)Includes a comprehensive set of appendixes on differential geometry and tensor calculusAn ideal textbook for graduate students studying theoretical seismology, computational seismology, or optimization and inverse problemsAn essential reference for researchers and scholars Autorid: Jeroen Tromp

"The essential introduction to discrete and computational geometry--now fully updated and expandedDiscrete and Computational Geometry bridges the theoretical world of discrete geometry with the applications-driven realm of computational geometry, offering a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to this cutting-edge frontier of mathematics and computer science. Beginning with polygons and ending with polyhedra, it explains how to capture the shape of data given by a set of points, from convex hulls and triangulations to Voronoi diagrams, geometric duality, chains, linkages, and alpha complexes. Connections to real-world applications are made throughout, and algorithms are presented independent of any programming language. Now fully updated and expanded, this richly illustrated textbook is an invaluable learning tool for students in mathematics, computer science, engineering, and physics.Now with new sections on duality and on computational topologyProject suggestions at the end of every chapterCovers traditional topics as well as new and advanced materialFeatures numerous full-color illustrations, exercises, and fully updated unsolved problemsUniquely designed for a one-semester classAccessible to college sophomores with minimal backgroundAlso suitable for more advanced studentsOnline solutions manual (available to instructors)"-- "A new edition of the first undergraduate-level textbook to bridge the gap between discrete math and computational geometry"-- The essential introduction to discrete and computational geometry—now fully updated and expandedDiscrete and Computational Geometry bridges the theoretical world of discrete geometry with the applications-driven realm of computational geometry, offering a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to this cutting-edge frontier of mathematics and computer science. Beginning with polygons and ending with polyhedra, it explains how to capture the shape of data given by a set of points, from convex hulls and triangulations to Voronoi diagrams, geometric duality, chains, linkages, and alpha complexes. Connections to real-world applications are made throughout, and algorithms are presented independent of any programming language. Now fully updated and expanded, this richly illustrated textbook is an invaluable learning tool for students in mathematics, computer science, engineering, and physics.Now with new sections on duality and on computational topologyProject suggestions at the end of every chapterCovers traditional topics as well as new and advanced materialFeatures numerous full-color illustrations, exercises, and fully updated unsolved problemsUniquely designed for a one-semester classAccessible to college sophomores with minimal backgroundAlso suitable for more advanced studentsOnline solutions manual (available to instructors) Autorid: Satyan L. Devadoss, Joseph O'Rourke

A new compass for global reading: looking at the world from the far southern latitudes A northern viewpoint is most often the default, while the souththe far southern latitudes occupied by Australia, New Zealand, Argentina and southern Africa, among othersseems far away and ignorable. In Southern Imagining, Elleke Boehmer offers an alternative perspective, using literary, scientific and cultural material to explore how we look at the world from the south. Reading, she argues, is a transformative means of reversing our usual planetary orientation and rearranging our perceptual geography. Boehmer examines writing from across southern continents and islands, considering how we imaginatively inhabit the farthest reaches of our planet. Creators ranging from the Portuguese epic poet Luís de Camões to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Charles Darwin, Katherine Mansfield, Jorge Luis Borges and ancient Indigenous storytellers capture the edgy and austere experiences of the far south. For Boehmer, imaginative work stimulates and shapes our phenomenological understanding. Southerners often see themselves as far away from where things count, as outsiders, internalising the wider global sense of their relative insignificance. Conversely, when northerners read or hear legends, narratives, songs and poems from the south, it is as if they are located in the south, at least for the duration of the reading or listening. Boehmer suggests that the south-tilted world map, re-centred through song and story, invites us to claim a more involved sense of belonging to our planet, both its north and its south. The writers of the south disrupt conventional ways of seeing and invite us to inhabit our globe differently. Autorid: Elleke Boehmer

How the social organization of Europe and China shaped their divergent economic and political trajectories over the past millenniumIn the eleventh century, when Europe was still backward and poor, China was a rich and sophisticated civilization. Yet Europe became the birthplace of democracy and the Industrial Revolution, driving the Great Enrichment, while China stagnated until the end of the twentieth century and was always ruled by autocracies. Two Paths to Prosperity traces the emergence of two very different social organizations in premodern China and Europe—the clan and the corporation—showing how they were key factors in the economic and political divergence of these two great civilizations.In this landmark book, three leading economists offer a bold new account of why Europe and China evolved along such different trajectories. In the early Middle Ages, public goods like risk sharing, religious worship, education, and conflict resolution were provided by nonstate organizations in both societies. China increasingly relied on kin-based cooperation within clans, while weaker kinship ties in Europe gave rise to corporations such as guilds, universities, and self-governing towns. Despite performing similar functions, clans and corporations were built on very different principles—with lasting consequences until today.Providing a novel answer to a fundamental question in economic and political history, Two Paths to Prosperity shows how extended kinship in Chinese society facilitated the consolidation of autocracy and hindered innovation and economic development, and how corporations in Europe influenced emerging state institutions and set the stage for the Industrial Revolution. Autorid: Avner Greif, Joel Mokyr, Guido Tabellini

A user’s guide to the fundamental practice of literary studies, providing context, examples, and practical exercises Close reading—making an argument based in close attention to a text—is the foundation of literary studies. This book offers a guide to close reading, treating it as a skill that can be taught and practiced. It first explains what close reading is, what it does, and how it has been used across theoretical schools ranging from affect studies to Black studies to queer theory to Marxism. It then presents a series of master classes in the practice, with original contributions by scholars from a range of different institutions. Finally, it provides practical materials, worksheets, and suggested activities for instructors to use in the classroom. The tone throughout is encouraging and accessible, inviting readers of all backgrounds to hone their craft.The book divides the practice of close reading into five steps, coining a term for each step: scene setting, noticing, local claiming, regional argumentation, and global theorizing. It traces the roots of close reading, showing how it has spread far beyond its origins in practical criticism and New Criticism. In twenty-one short chapters, contemporary scholars discuss close readings by such prominent literary critics as Erich Auerbach and Helen Vendler, describing how their arguments work and how to achieve similar results. An essential resource for instructors and students at the undergraduate level and beyond, this book shows how understanding close reading can make us better readers, thinkers, and writers. Autorid: Dan Sinykin, Johanna Winant

Brings together the early histories of the development of the turbojet, turboprop and turboshaft engines. This work describes the work of twelve nations (Great Britain, Germany, the Soviet Union, the United States, Japan, France, Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, Czechoslovakia and Hungary) from the earliest days up to the end of the 1950s. This important project brings together the early histories of the development of the turbojet, turboprop and turboshaft engines for the first time. The work of twelve nations (Great Britain, Germany, the Soviet Union, the United States, Japan, France, Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, Czechoslovakia and Hungary] is described from the earliest days up to the end of the 1950s. This was the Golden Age of aeronautical development and in that time hundreds of engines were developed using the new and exciting gas turbine technology. These engines powered some of the most important and best loved aircraft of the century. This important project brings together the early histories of the development of the turbojet, turboprop and turboshaft engines for the first time. he work of twelve nations (Great Britain, Germany, the Soviet Union, the United States, Japan, France, Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, Czechoslovakia and Hungary] is described from the earliest days up to the end of the 1950s. This was the Golden Age of aeronautical development and in that time hundreds of engines were developed using the new and exciting gas turbine technology. These engines powered some of the most important and best loved aircraft of the century. This first of two volumes looks at the pioneering work of British and German designers and manufacturers, starting with the very first jet engines designed by Frank Whittle before World War Two. Technical details are set in their matrix of events, personalities, politics and world history. The text is supported with almost 600 black & white photographs and drawings and the book is complete with appendices, including engine data tables. Autorid: Tony Kay

One of The Wall Street Journals 10 Best Books of the Year Featured on the New York Times' The Daily podcast and CNN's Fareed Zakaria GPS What our failures during the pandemic cost us, and why we must do better The Covid pandemic quickly led to the greatest mobilization of emergency powers in human history. By early April 2020, half the worlds population3.9 billion peoplewere living under quarantine. People were told not to leave their homes; businesses were shuttered, employees laid off, and schools closed for months or even years. The most devastating pandemic in a century and the policies adopted in response to it upended life as we knew it. In this eye-opening book, Stephen Macedo and Frances Lee examine our pandemic response and pose some provocative questions: Why did we ignore pre-Covid plans for managing a pandemic? Were the voices of reasonable dissent treated fairly? Did we adequately consider the costs and benefits of different policy options? And, aside from vaccines, did the policies adopted work as intended? With In Covids Wake, Macedo and Lee offer the first comprehensiveand candidpolitical assessment of how our institutions fared during the pandemic. They describe how, influenced by Wuhans lockdown, governments departed from their existing pandemic plans. Hard choices were obscured by slogans like follow the science. Benefits and harms were distributed unfairly. The policies adopted largely benefited the laptop class and left so-called essential workers unprotected; extended school closures hit the least-privileged families the hardest. Science became politicized and dissent was driven to the margins. In the next crisis, Macedo and Lee warn, we must not forget the deepest values of liberal democracy: tolerance and open-mindedness, respect for evidence and its limits, a willingness to entertain uncertainty, and a commitment to telling the whole truth. Autorid: Stephen Macedo, Frances Lee

An accessible, motivated introduction to one of the most dynamic areas of mathematicsDecades ago, Mumford wrote that algebraic geometry “seems to have acquired the reputation of being esoteric, exclusive, and very abstract, with adherents who are secretly plotting to take over all the rest of mathematics.” The revolution has now fully come to pass and has fundamentally changed how we think about many fields of mathematics. This book provides a thorough foundation in the powerful ideas that now shape the landscape, with an informal yet rigorous exposition that builds intuition for the formidable machinery. It begins with a discussion of categorical thinking and sheaves and then develops the notion of schemes and varieties as examples of “geometric spaces” before discussing their specific aspects. The book goes on to cover topics such as dimension and smoothness, vector bundles and their natural generalizations, and important cohomological tools and their applications. Important optional topics are included in starred sections.A comprehensive introduction certain to become the standard book on the subjectFeatures a wealth of exercises that enable students to learn by doingRequires few prerequisites, developing the tools students need to succeed, from category theory and sheaf theory to commutative and homological algebraUses an example-driven approach that builds mathematical intuitionA self-contained textbook for graduate students and an essential reference for researchers Autorid: Ravi Vakil